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...ute <math>\mathrm{Path}(a,b,i)</math>, we shall use a Turing machine <math>M</math> with an input string <math>A^G</math> and two work strings. The firs ...z,b,i-1)</math>. Thus, to compute <math>\mathrm{Path}(a,b,i)</math>, <math>M</math> will iterate through all vertices <math>z\in V</math> (using the sec

...th big hitters like {{zcls|n|np}} listed alongside the lesser-known {{zcls|m|mal|mAL}}, {{zcls|p|podn}}, and {{zcls|q|qacc0|QACC₀}}. Any cla ...<i>The Complexity Theory Companion</i>]] (2002), by L. A. Hemaspaandra and M. Ogihara. A lively guide to structural complexity. Has a "Rogues' Gallery

...h." The act of subscripting is left unvocalized, so that [[Complexity Zoo:M#modkp|Mod_kP]] is "mod-k-p" rather than "mod-sub-k-p." Superscri

{{CZ-Letter-Section|M}}

===== M ===== ...> such that for all inputs <math>x</math>: <math>time_A(x)\leq c(|x|+time_{M'}(x))</math>. A language with no O-optimal A is said to have O-speedup. See

It is sometimes convenient to discuss a Turing machine <math>M</math> as a function such that: M(x) = \begin{cases}

|descript=Find the smallest eigenvalue of ''m'' ''k''-local Hamiltonians acting on ''n'' qubits. ...}(n))</math>. Decide whether the smallest eigenvalue of <math>H=\sum_{i=1}^m H_i</math> is less than ''a'' or greater than ''b'', promised that one of t

D. Aharonov, M. Ben-Or, E. Eban. S. Aaronson, A. Bouland, J. Fitzsimons, M. Lee